The And Of The Light Brigade By Alfred Lord Tennyson

Throughout history, authors have responded to historical events like the war through different genres of literature from novels to poems. In this paper; I will look at how Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf, September 1st, 1939 by Wystan Hugh Auden and The Charge of the Light Brigade by Alfred Lord Tennyson respond to various historical events. A comparison between these texts will show the many similarities and differences in how they respond to the theme of war. In addition to this, I will examine the literary techniques used to reveal the different aspect of war. Although these texts deal with different historical events of warfare, an analysis of them shows that they focus on various aspects of war, the aftermath, the apathy of society and the tragic heroism of soldiers. The theme of war is the critical issue for these authors even though they highlight different aspects of it from various historical events. Virginia Woolf focuses on the aftermath of the first World War in her novel titled Mrs. Dalloway whereas Auden concentrates on the apathy of the American people who does not want to get involved with the situation in Europe at the beginning of the second World War. Lord Tennyson, on the other hand, brings out the heroism of the British brigade of six hundred men that died on the battlefield during the Crimean War. The setting of the Mrs. Dalloway takes place in London on a single day in June of 1923, but the author uses flashbacks to reveal events of the past. TheShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of The Charge Of The Light Brigade by Alfred Lord Tennyson553 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of The Charge Of The Light Brigade by Alfred Lord Tennyson The second poem I an going to analyse is The Charge Of The Light Brigade, it is about the Crimean War. It is a famous Regiment of 600 men. The poem was written by Alfred Lord Tennyson. The poem was based on a newspaper account describing a battle. The article glorified the slaughter of men. The commander didnt understand the orders given to him to replace some guns held by the Russians and heRead MoreAlfred, Lord Tennyson and the Meaning of The Change of the Light Brigade1883 Words   |  7 PagesAlfred, Lord Tennyson and the Meaning of â€Å"The Charge of the Light Brigade† â€Å"The Charge of the Light Brigade,† by Alfred, Lord Tennyson, was one of the artists’ most famous poems because it memorialized a failed but valiant attack by the British cavalry during the Crimean war. The poem is an emotional tribute to bravery and gallantry in the face of devastation. It highlights the cavalry’s valor in courageously executing their orders, even despite being outnumbered and brutally defeated. ThroughoutRead MoreAnalysis of Lord Alfred Tennyson ´s The Charge of the Light Brigade561 Words   |  3 Pagesand well, into the jaws of Death, into the mouth of Hell.† That is an excerpt from Lord Alfred Tennysons Charge of the Light Brigade, a poem highlighting the honor and death of war. The poem was chosen for this close reading essay because it has always been a personal favorite. It talks of the real events of the Battle of Balaclava, yet speaks of the life all soldiers must live. The Charge of the Light Brigade is a fascinatin g poem, both in the way it is formed, to the details of why it was createdRead More To compare The Charge of the Light Brigade with The Destruction of665 Words   |  3 PagesTo compare The Charge of the Light Brigade with The Destruction of Sennacherib In this essay we are going to be comparing two war poems. They are ‘The Charge of the Light Brigade’ by Alfred, Lord Tennyson (1809-1892) and ‘The Destruction of Sennacherib’ by Lord Byron (1788-1824). ‘The Charge of the Light Brigade’ is set in the Crimean war. It is about the British cavalry getting the wrong orders and going straight at the enemy’s cannons. ‘The Destruction of Sennacherib’ is a biblical Read MoreLord Tennyson Vs. Wilfred Owen Essay730 Words   |  3 Pagespoetry about war. Despite Charge of the Light Brigade by Lord Alfred Tennyson and Dulce et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen were written in different centuries, they deal with the subject of war and describe the ups and downs of it. On one hand, Alfred Tennyson heard of the charge made by the light brigade and it was when he wrote his poem with no experience of the event. However, Wilfred Owen actually fought in the First World War, and wrote, unlike Lord Tennyson, from his own experience. AlthoughRead MoreConcerning His Poems, Alfred Lord Tennyson’S Work Relies1003 Words   |  5 PagesConcerning his poems, Alfred Lord Tennyson’s work relies on an extensive thematic scheme. In Tennyson’s poem, â€Å"The Charge of the Light Brigade†, a number of themes are present including heroism, honor, patriotism, and loyalty. Put together, Tennyson tells the story of a cavalry brigade facing their destiny head on. Alfred Lord Tennyson’s poem â€Å"The Charge of the Light Brigade† tells the story of a cavalry battle that took place during the Crimean War. The poem begins by throwing the audience directlyRead MoreThe Charge of the Light Brigade600 Words   |  3 Pages The poem â€Å"The Charge of the Light Brigade† by Alfred Lord Tennyson is about a battle in which a commander commits a faux pas and orders his men to move forward with an defensive strategy that would result with their imminent death. As the poem goes on it tells us that we should honor these men because although they knew their leader had made a life altering decision, they carried through with it due to the fact that he was their leader. Tennyson uses personification, metaphor, imagery, symbolismRead MoreCompare and Contrast Dulce Et Decorum Est and Charge of the Light Brigade1442 Words   |  6 PagesCompare and contrast â€Å"Dulce Et Decorum Est† and â€Å"Charge Of The Light Brigade†. W hat images of war do these two poems convey? We have been studying the war poems Dulce Et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen and Charge Of The Light Brigade by Alfred Lord Tennyson. Dulce Et Decorum Est was written during the First World War from 1914 to 1918 whilst Charge Of The Light Brigade was composed in the 19th century, and describes a battle that took place during the Crimean War. Both poems give a different impressionRead MoreThe Heroism Of The Men1328 Words   |  6 Pagesaftermath are never pretty unless penned by authors who never step into a battlefield. Lives are lost, our fathers, mothers, sons, and daughters have all sacrificed for their causes. Lord Alfred Tennyson romanticized the of notion war and of the battle that was fought on the battlefield in his poem The Charge of the Light Brigade, subsequently, the intent of battle was for the glory of a cause or nation and to remember the bravery of those who fought. On the other, hand Wilfred Owen s poem Dulce et DecorumRead MorePoetry Comparison Essay1369 Words   |  6 Pagesfacts through: papers, films, books or poems, but I am comparing two similar poems which have different meanings. Wilfred Owen who wrote the poem Dulce et Decorum est or Lord Alfred Tennyson who wrote The Charge of the Light Brigade. They are both based around the theme of war. Lord Alfred Tennyson is pro war and thinks its a good thing to die for your country. His poem was written to memorialise the Battle of Balaclava in the Crimean war (1854 - 56) he wrote it ten years

Essay on Salman Rushdies Midnight Children - 1459 Words

Salman Rushdies Midnight Children Salman Rushdie is one of the greatest writers India has ever produced. Amongst the premier works of Rushdie, Midnight’s Children continues to be one of the best meta-fictional works of the postmodern era. Rushdie’s attempt to break the binary by using a different kind of narrative and play of words put him in the likes of American prodigies like Thomas Pynchon. Rushdie has marinated each line of his story with a web of words, abundance of allusions and a chutney of twists and turns. Midnight’s Children is a story that refers to the children born within an hour of midnight on August 15th, 1947, when Independent India was born. The novel itself describes the history of Saleem Sinai’s life and†¦show more content†¦The idea of making a chutney or pickle also coincides with the idea of giving immortality. The fish, fruits and vegetables are hung embalmed in spice and vinegar after making them â€Å"dead† and changing its taste to an intensive degree. Thus, the metaphor of chutney also amalgamates the political as well as the domestic lifestyle of Indian people during the post-colonial India. In the story, Mary’s chutney ring familiar to grown up Saleem and thus brings him back to her after years of separation – where in becomes â€Å"pickler-in-chief.† The â€Å"grasshopper-green† chutney or the â€Å"guilty chutney† describes the intensity of â€Å"realms of life lost into time† (Towers 5). Thus, Chutney becomes a spicy mixture, mixed with emotions of the stirrer, and pickled food is preserved as the stories, remaining sluggish within the characters who tell their stories. In the beginning of Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children, doctor Adam Aziz’s nose releases a stream of metaphors -â€Å"plantain,† â€Å"vegetable,† â€Å"proboscissimus† whose bridge could cross a river. Later in the story, Saleem’s large and long nose is seen as repulsive, snot-ridden and nuisance, yet as his power giving tool to help him converse telepathically with hundreds of other children in his mind. Saleem’s grandfather could smell when danger was approaching and this attribute, at least symbolically, has been inherited by Saleem in his later youth. Saleem’s nose also â€Å"sniffs out† theShow MoreRelatedThemes of Midnights Children Essay1463 Words   |  6 PagesSalman Rushdie’s novel Midnight’s Children tells the story of Saleem Sinai and takes place throughout the history of India during the year 1915-1978. As Saleem is approaching his 31st birthday, he tells his life story to his confidant Padma, since he prophetically foresees his impending death. The retelling of his life begins with his Grandfather, Adaam Aziz, and the events leading to Saleem’s birth. Saleem’s character is interesting because of events and qualities that have set him apart. He wasRead More Analysis of Salman Rushdies Midnights Children Essay1060 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of Salman Rushdies Midnights Children Salman Rushdie’s novel Midnight’s Children employs strategies which engage in an exploration of History, Nationalism and Hybridity. This essay will examine three passages from the novel which demonstrate these issues. Furthermore, it will explore why each passage is a good demonstration of these issues, how these issues apply to India in the novel, and how the novel critiques these concepts. The passage from pages 37-38 effectively demonstratesRead More Arranged Marriage In Midnights Children Essays720 Words   |  3 PagesArranged Marriage In Midnights Children â€Å"Arranged Marriages in Midnight’s Children† An element of Midnight’s Children, by Salman Rushdie that I particularly enjoyed was the recurring theme of loving someone in pieces. There are two instances where this is prevalent, one being the interaction between Aadam Aziz and Naseem Ghani. It is stated that: â€Å"In short: my grandfather had fallen in love, and had come to think of the perforated sheet as something sacred and magical, because throughRead MoreENG2602 ASS011982 Words   |  8 Pages Midnight’s Children by Salman Rushdie. Born at the stroke of midnight on August 15, 1947, the day of India’s independence from British rule, Saleem’s life is a microcosm of post-Independent India. The Title of this text, Midnight’s Children, gives the reader a broad idea of what the text is about: It gives the time and where the setting may play off. This text dominates the theme of identity that breaks down colonial constructs of Western dominance over Eastern culture, hence Salman Rushdie positionRead MoreMidnights Children Salman Rushdie Essays1868 Words   |  8 PagesMidnight’s Children Awarded the Booker Prize in 1981, Midnight’s Children is Salman Rushdie’s most highly regarded work of fiction. Rushdie was born on June 19, 1947, and his birth occurred simultaneously with a particularly meaningful moment in Indian history. After almost one hundred years of colonial rule, the British occupation of India was coming to an end. Almost exactly three months after Rushdie’s birth, India gained its long-awaited independence at the stroke of midnight on August 15Read MoreInterpretation In Midnights Children By Salman Rushdie949 Words   |  4 PagesAchebe’s confining techniques, Salman Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children relies entirely on narration to guide the audience. Throughout the novel, Saleem is transcending past and present to retell his life story, or more specifically, the past and present of India. By directly speaking to the audience in between his recounts, Rushdie urges the audience to capture the bias within his narration . Although Sadeem and Rushdie are implicitly portrayed as the same individual, Rushdie’s ability to manipulate SadeemRead MoreThe Satanic Verses By Salman Rushdie973 Words   |  4 PagesSalman Rushdie is a passionate novelist and essayist known for his magical realism, who expresses his beliefs and influences through his works. Rushdie has frequently described himself as a â€Å"historian of ideas,† and many of his novels are â€Å"novels of ideas† rather than narrations centered on a plot or character. 1 Furthermore, Rushdie’s pessimistic views of religion are seen in his writings, from The Satanic Verses to recent essays like, Out of Kansas. I will also discuss the fatwa’ calling for hisRead MoreAnalysis of Salman Rushdies Midnights Children and Virginia Woolfe’s Mrs. Dalloway1595 Words   |  7 PagesTransitions of place, time, and character are key to the storytelling in Salman Rushdies â€Å"Midnights Children† and Virginia W oolfe’s â€Å"Mrs. Dalloway†. Rushdie explores the History, Nationalism and Hybridism of the nation of India after they became independent of Great Britain. Woolfe comments heavily on English society more through her description of her characters, and the weaving of time and place is an effective way to telling the stories of her characters as we follow them through a single dayRead MoreEssay about Marginalization of Women by Salman Ahmed Rushdie2706 Words   |  11 PagesSalman Ahmed Rushdie is an eminent postcolonial diasporic writer of Indian origin. He was born in a Muslim family in 1947, the year India became free from the clutches of the colonial rule. The novelist and essayist of international repute, Rushdie, started his writing with the fictional work Grimus (1975). His second novel Midnights’ Children (1981) won the Booker’s Prize. The text focuses on the simultaneous independence and partition of the two nations. He came into thick of contro versies becauseRead MoreMidnights Children Essay2493 Words   |  10 PagesMidnights Children essay Salman Rushdies creation, Saleem Sinai, has a self-proclaimed overpowering desire for form (363). In writing his own autobiography Saleem seems to be after what Frank Kermode says every writer is a after: concordance. Concordance would allow Saleem to bring meaning to moments in the middest by elucidating (or creating) their coherence with moments in the past and future. While Kermode talks about providing this order primarily through an imaginatively predicted

Fraternities And Society Essay Example For Students

Fraternities And Society Essay A fraternity, as defined by the The American Heritage Dictionary is achiefly social organization of male college students, usually designated byGreek letters.(pg. 523) This definition, however, is very limited andleaves plenty of space for short sighted people to believe the stereotypeconveyed by the popular media, where fraternity members are depicted as drunkswho accomplish nothing either scholastically or socially. Unfortunately, boththis definition and media portrayals fail to mention the fact that membership ina fraternity is a life-long experience that helps its members develop social,organizational, and study skills during college, and that teaches true,everlasting friendship. As a matter of fact, fraternities have a long traditionof high academic achievement, and most of our nations presidents were membersof a Greek association. According to Irving Klepper, the first fraternity (PhiBeta Kappa) was founded for social and literary purposes at theCollege of William and Mary in W illiamsburg, Virginia on December 5th 1776. After half a century of existence, it became and has since remained ascholarship honor society. Throughout the nineteenth century, many newfraternities were founded, but none of these were permanent. Then, in 1825, theKappa Alpha Fraternity (now Kappa Alpha Society) was born at Union College. Twoyears later, Sigma Phi and Delta Phi had been founded at the same college,constituting the so-called Union Triad which was, in a large measure, thepattern for the American Fraternity system. By the end of the nineteenth centurythere were over thirty general fraternities in this country (pg. 18). Todaysfraternities still have all the characteristics and precepts of the their pastfraternities: the charm and mystery of secrecy, a ritual, oaths offidelity, a grip, a motto, a badge, a background of high idealism, a strong tieof friendship and comradeship, and urge for sharing its values throughnationwide expansion. (Klepper pg. 18) In addition, todays fraternitieshelp their members develop many sk ills which are used in and out of college. During membership in a fraternity, one must learn leadership skills, because thechapter has to be run in a business-like manner and because it embracesdifferent offices (President, Vice-President, Treasurer, Scribe, etc..) whichare held by its members. These offices closely resemble the ones of realbusiness. Additionally, since membership in a fraternity is seen as a greatachievement by other Greek associations members, every brother must be able touphold that office at any time. Organization is a must for every member of afraternity. Fund raising activities and community service always have a highpriority in every chapter, and each member is required to organize and/or takepart in many of these activities as a pledge, a brother and an alumnus. Thishelps individuals within the group to develop organization and planning. Inaddition, since the fraternity might be located in a house, each brother mustlearn household organization for his brothers well being. Fraternities arefamous for th eir energetic social gatherings (parties) which require all oftheir members to be socially active and outspoken when the occasion calls forit. This helps fraternity members develop very strong social skills. Since theact of one member reflects over the acts of all the others, self-control andawareness of actions are mandatory. In addition, when the brothers live infraternity houses, this adds to the development of social skills in the way thata member must be able to deal and live with different kinds of people indifferent situations. Since there are people of different scholastic levels in afraternity, the member of the fraternity have access to a great deal ofknowledge on many different school subjects. It is normal for fraternities toorganize study groups regularly during the school year and especially beforeexams. In addition, members might also use the opinion and advice of othermembers about the faculty in their favor, and most fraternities keep test filesand other such study aids available for the benefit of their members. Mostfraternity members are also eligible to receive a number of differentscholarships and awards based on academic excellence, leadership, and personalachievement which can contribute to both the resume and the self-esteem of theperson receiving such an honor. Fraternities are also well known for theirsupport toward their community. In fact, other than the usual, chapter-runprojects, many chapters require their associate members to organize andparticipate in their own community service project before they can be initiatedinto full membership. This helps the fraternity to enhance their image, increasetheir popularity and their members awareness toward the community. It is commonfor some fraternity members to stay active after graduating from college. Inthis way they can help the chapter in many ways and especially as advisorof the real world. It is also a positive experience for the graduatemember, who will be able to keep in contact w ith the new and old members of hischapter. As Sidney S. Suntag wrote I know of no better way to keep youngthan to associate with young people(pg. 15). Even if some members are notable to remain active, the chapter can always count on them, since the spirit offraternal brotherhood never dies. It is common for fraternities to build theirhouses and fund their activities with the support of their alumni. The number ofalumni for a given fraternity in any urban area can range from a few dozen toseveral thousand. But the most important gift a fraternity can offer is a trueand everlasting friendship that transcends the normal bonds between friends andties them together as brothers for life. It is something no other organizationcan offer, and the bond that is formed between fraternity brothers is feltthroughout the whole organization and not just local chapters. This explainswhy, when greeks of the same fraternity meet is felt like a reunion betweenblood brothers. Clearly, a feeling of comra deship is present not only withineach fraternity, but between all of the members of Greek organizations. This canonly lead to positive relations with the Greek community of a college oruniversity, which is always fairly numerous at those institutions which haveGreek organizations. As Brian Abramson stated in his interview, If youlook at any Greek organization at Florida International University, or any otherCollege or University, you can find a catalogue of services which thatorganization provides for the benefit of the greater community through theservice projects which it conducts every semester. Tau Epsilon Phi, forexample, participates in Bowling for Kids Sake every Spring, a tradition whichbegan several years ago. Every fraternity has its own special philanthropy, aswell as other public service projects which that fraternity takes part in fromtime to time. In fact, cooperating in public service not only provides themembers of the brotherhood with valuable connections in the com munity, but italso serves to strengthen the bonds of brotherhood which hold the memberstogether. To keep true to the feeling of brotherhood in a fraternity, everymember must be trustworthy and at the same time must be able to trust everyother member which makes the bond of brotherhood even stronger. Unfortunately, alot of people overlook fraternities during college because of the ominous,ever-present rumors about hazing. This image is also a part of the popularstereotype of fraternity members. Hazing, as defined by the Fraternity ExecutiveAssociation is Any action taken or situation created, intentionally,whether on or off fraternity premises to produce mental, or physical discomfort,embarrassment, harassment or ridicule.(pg. 48) As John P. Nykolaiszyn putsit, If anyone is caught hazing, not only can fines be imposed upon theindividuals, but conviction and even jail time could result. Organizations whichpractice hazing also run the risk of losing their charter and being closed down. .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628 , .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628 .postImageUrl , .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628 , .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628:hover , .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628:visited , .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628:active { border:0!important; } .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628:active , .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628 .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u75484a43224d8ba99af06a920b798628:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Nuclear Power Debate Essay ThesisAs Mr. Nykolaiszyn states in his letter to the editor, While someorganizations may choose to haze and humiliate the people who try to rush them,that is in no way an accurate portrayal of all Greeks. He goes on to pointout the fact that, Greek life is not just about partying and drinking. Greek life helps to build character, self-esteem and life longfriendships.(12) It is indeed very sad that many people are stuck with theAnimal House view of fraternities and avoid looking into whatfraternities are really all about. BibliographyAbramson, Brian D. Personal Interview. 1 Apr. 1996. Fraternity ExecutivesAssociation Statement of position on Hazing and Pre-initiationActivities The portals of Tau Epsilon Phi Tau Epsilon Phi Fraternity, Inc. Atlanta, Georgia 1937 Klepper, Irving The portals of Tau Epsilon Phi Tau EpsilonPhi Fraternity, Inc. Atlanta, Georgia 1937 Morris, William, ed. The AmericanHeritage Dictionary of the English Language. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston,Massachusetts 1982 Nykolaiszyn, John P. Hazing: Greeks get a badrap. The Beacon Feb. 13th 1996: 12.

Use Of Force Essay Example For Students

Use Of Force Essay The Use of Force illustrates very well the feelings and emotions of a normallyrational person, who, for any reason, is subjected to a situation that causesmuch frustration and anger. Most people have patience, but everyone has abreaking-point. The doctor found his breaking point. It was almost frighteningto read what the doctor was going to do next to the little girl. What he did wasno doubt justified, however, when he said I could have torn the child apartin my own fury and enjoyed it, that shows a lack of self control. I believethis story is very much like everyday life in the past few years. People losetheir tempers too easily instead of being patient and cooling off. A greatexample of this is the Jerry Springer Show; people go to that show already veryangry, and they think that being on TV will aid them in resolving theirconflicts. That is certainly not what happens, though. One person almost alwaysbecomes enraged and physically attacks another person. Its sick. I see it inthe ha llways of our school. People lash out at anyone for any reason-bumpinginto them. It is terrible. Just blow it off and calm down. The story The Use ofForce shows the evil side of a person. The doctor had to do his job, but did notneed to physically harm the little girl. His uncontrollable ferocity andbelligerence are startling, but it is sadly a common occurrence in the present. We will write a custom essay on Use Of Force specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now

Energy Infrastructure and Security U.S.

Today, the U.S. is the largest energy consumer and importer in the world. According to Klare, three factors play significant role in U.S. foreign policy: energy, environment and the world economy (2009, p. 48). As the country addicted to oil, the U.S. has to develop the new ways of its production and supply from the different regions; therefore, the U.S. foreign and military policies are driven by the increasing needs for oil.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Energy Infrastructure and Security U.S. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The modern economy cannot develop without an appropriate supply of energy. Therefore, the international relations are directed by the problems of oil demands and its supply. According to Farrell et al., â€Å"the theme of energy infrastructure and security appears in more general studies of national security and warfare† (p. 3). The following steps had been taken by the U.S. government in order to secure energy facilities and supplies and global oil chokepoints around the world. An understanding of significance of energy supply caused the attempt to destroy the German and Japanese energy infrastructures during the World War II. As the country consumed about 1/3 of the total oil reserve during the World War II, the government had to find another sources. In 1945, President Roosevelt offered Saudi Arabia the help of the U.S. forces in return of the Saudi oil (Klare, 2008). During the Cold War, the major forces of the United States and the Soviet Union were focused on the nuclear energy system’s development. At the same period, both countries wanted to prevent a large-scale nuclear war. The government had to be ready to rebuild the economy after the possible damages. Thus, â€Å"many electricity generators were expected to survive an urban-focused strike, but transmission system were expected to be largely destroyed, as were petroleum refining and shipping facilities† (Farrell et al., p. 3). In order to protect the energy infrastructure, the scientists developed measures which should be used in critical situation. Energy system as the most vulnerable sector had to be protected, including the protection of all infrastructural elements such as plants, storages, pipelines, etc. Production of the renewable energy sources and flexibility of energy shipment system had been considered as the most effective methods. According to Farrell et al., the energy security included the use of â€Å"cooling towers at electric power plants could conceivably be used in a deliberate attack as a means of dispersing biological or chemical agents† (p. 8). Besides, construction of the hydroelectric dams could help to store energy produces with the use of water power.Advertising Looking for term paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Possible damage of the use of large electromagnetic pulses (EMP) could â€Å"induce instantaneous voltages of hundreds of thousands of volts in conductors, creating very large disruptions in electric power systems and destroying electrical equipment components such as motors, backup generators, and microprocessors† (Farrell et al., p. 8). Clifton supposes that the danger of use of the electromagnetic pulses today and in the nearest future is significant (2011). Terrorists can use this method in order to destroy the facilities and energy infrastructure. EMP attack can include the detonation of a nuclear warhead; therefore, the US government develops the system of defence. However, it is obvious that the damage of use of the nuclear weapons cannot be predicted. In this situation, it is necessary to prevent and stop the possible creation and use of the nuclear energy as a weapon. Clifton cites the Center for Security Policy that indicates that â€Å"a dire warning that an EMP attack could kill nine out of ten Americans†. Obviously, such fears drive the foreign policy of the country. Today, as the world faces the problem of creation of the nuclear weapons by Iran, the US government claims about this danger in the United Nations. In order to prevent the large-scale conflict, the United States has to improve and strengthen its security infrastructure that was created in order to protect country during the Cold War. A member of Republican Party Cain says about such counter urgent threats as â€Å"stop Iran from developing nuclear weapons, fix border security – for real, shield us against Cyber and Electro-magnetic Pulse (EMP) attacks† (Clifton, 2011). Such threats are the part of his Foreign Policy National Security Pillars. One can notice that the US foreign policy towards Iran has to be developed. This issue is complicated and has a number of particular aspects that should be carefully investigated. According to the US Department of Energy, the national ener gy infrastructure requires the use of modern technologies that should improve the current position (2001). There are various areas that should be improved such as protection of pipelines, oil refineries and energy transportation infrastructure. Obviously, the United States is the oil-dependent country and its foreign policy in the Middle East is motivated by the needs of the access to the local oil reserves. After the end of the Cold War, the U.S. foreign policy became concentrated on the Persian Gulf with its huge oil reserves. The military presence of the U.S. army is important measure that should help improve the process of democratic changes and prevent the disruption of oil sources. In the film Blood and Oil by Michael Klare the U.S. foreign policy is present as a simple search for oil no matter of the price, including the human lives. Klare says that after 1945, the U.S. foreign policy had been concentrated on the search of the access to the energy reserves around the world (2 009).Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Energy Infrastructure and Security U.S. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Obviously, the country had to provide an adequate energy supply to its industries and citizens; however, as the result, there was a problem of overvalue of fuels and underestimation of human life. The Middle East can be considered as the most important geographical region which, on one hand, can affect the U.S. security, as it happened on September 11, 2001, and, on the other hand, provides the possibility to get the energy reserves needed for the U.S. industries and daily life. When in 2003 the US government suspected Iraq of development of chemical weapons, the foreign policy consolidated its main forces in order to prevent possible threats and damage of use of this king of weapons. In fact, the main reason of this War was Iraqi oil reserves. According to Richardson, â€Å"most international tra de in goods – over 80% of the total – is carried by sea† (2007). US Department of Energy claimed that The Hormuz strait in the Middle East is the most important chokepoint. In order to protect national and commercial interests in this area, the US sends ships and naval forces to this region. In 2007, when the threats of Iran occurred, â€Å"US officials were seeking to tighten financial sanctions on Iran and were openly accusing Iranian paramilitary forces of siding with Shiite militia factions in Iraq to attack US troops† (Richardson, 2007). Two US aircrafts carriers and associated warships were sent to the region in order to control this area and prevent the danger of military conflict. In 1980, President Jimmy Carter claimed about the necessity to use the military forces in order to protect the access to Middle Eastern oil (Klare, 2009). In recent years, the foreign policy of the U.S. includes the revolutions and conflicts arisen in the Middle East. For instance, after the revolution in Libya in 2011, the United States got an access to the Libyan oil reserves. The national Defense Council Foundation indicates that the overall money spent on oil-defence securities was 137 billion dollars in 2007, comparing to 50 billion dollars in 2002 (Klare, 2009). Man power is one of the steps that US takes in order to protect this territory. Today, the U.S. naval forces patrol and protect â€Å"about 2.5 million square miles of water, including the Persian Gulf, Arabian Sea, Red Sea, Gulf of Oman and parts of the Indian Ocean† (Richardson, 2007). Together with other countries such as Pakistan, Singapore, Japan and European nations, the US forces control the Middle East oil reserves and the ways of its transportation. Checkpoint insecurity in the Middle East can lead to the serious problems and economical loss, therefore, the U.S. wants to improve the democratic situation in this region. In order to promote democracy abroad, the US soldie rs provide common training programs with local military groups in Afghanistan and Iraq. At the same time, the presence of the U.S. forces in the region can guarantee that the influence of the U.S policy on the other countries’ governments will increase. The U.S. forces help other countries and, as the result, the United States get their support and gain allies. Cross-cultural training programs can increase the level of understanding of the current problems between local military forces, citizens and the US forces.Advertising Looking for term paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In return of the military help, the United States can get not only access to the oil reserves, but also the allies who will support the US policy on the international level. Although the presidential candidates discusses about the necessity of bringing home the U.S. military forces in Iraq, this oil-rich area is still used as the oil supplier. Thereby, the U.S. military forces provide training programs for the Iraqi soldiers, helping the local citizens to improve the protection measures. The U.S. Army uses the light and swift forces and the communicational facilities which help in the coordination. Besides, they use hundreds of aircrafts and satellite-mounted sensors. Iraq increased the oil production after the U.S. forces arrived to the country. According to the statistics of International Energy Agency, â€Å"crude oil production capacity in Iraq is set to increase by 1.87 million barrels per day (mb/d) between 2010 and 2016† (2011). However, at the same time, â€Å"warns of potential risks to this production increase in Iraq, notably the withdrawal of US troops and fears of escalating instability as insurgency bombing increases† (International Energy Agency, 2011). According to Cummins, the U.S. government has already committed 277 million dollars for energy infrastructure protection (2007). In fact, such programs are driven by the desire to control the present area and to protect the special access to the oil reserves by the U.S. Reference List Clifton, E. (2011). Far-Fetched EMP Doomsday Part of Cain And Gingrich Foreign Policy Platforms. Web. Cummins, C. (2007). U.S. Digs In to Guard Iraq Oil Exports, Wall Street Journal, p. 7. Farrell, A. E., Zerriffi, H. Dowlatabadi, H. (2004). Energy Infrastructure and Security. Ann. Rev. Environ. Resour., vol. 29. Web. International Energy Agency. (2011). Iraq’s oil production capacity is forecast to increase sharply over next five years. Web. Klare, M. T. (2008). Blood and Oil. Web. Klare, M. T . (2009). The New Foreign Policy Agenda: Energy, the Environment, and the Global Economy. In R. M. Lloyd (Ed.), William B. Ruger Chair of national Security Economics Papers, Number 4: American Foreign Policy: Regional Perspectives (pp. 47-54). US, Newport: Naval War College. Richardson, M. (2007). Asia’s Middle East Oil Dependence: Chokepoints on a Vital Maritime Supply Line. Web. US Department of Energy. (2001). America’s Energy Infrastructure: A Comprehensive Delivery System. Web. This term paper on Energy Infrastructure and Security U.S. was written and submitted by user Aydin Serrano to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Waco essays

Waco essays Between the days of February 28, 1993 and April 19th, 1993, approximately 80 men, women, and children living peacefully in their home near Waco, Texas, were killed by the combined efforts of the US Defense Department and other government paramilitary units: the US Treasury Department's Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF), and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). They were killed because the government claimed they were a dangerous cult. At first the ATF claimed to be only serving warrants on a weapons violation, to serve these warrants the ATF rushed into the compound and fired upon a group of men, in reaction these men fired back. This caused a week stand off until Janet Reno ordered further action. The second attack was a military raid, which included the use of fully armed helicopters. The first shots were fired on the women and children's quarters of the Mt. Carmel Center. The building was then gassed, because the government claimed to believe the living conditions were unsanitary and dangerous to the Branch Dividians. One of the gas canisters used was deemed flammable before the incident, and was not supposed to be used in residential areas. Even Janet Reno ordered a non-pyrotechnic canister to be used, but her orders were ignored. As the canister began to release gas it is believed, according to the 1995 investigation, to have then sparked and began the fire, which would eventually, burn the building down and kill its' occupants. When the fire began the military sent tanks in to supposedly create exits or holes in the walls of the compound so the occupants could get out. It was later revealed in video footage of the incident, that the tanks used were fitted with plow blades and were shown not only making holes in the wall but going straight though buildings. Other footage shows armed U.S. military firing into certain areas of the compound. Were they right to brand this community a cult and then use...

Management in Apple Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Management in Apple - Case Study Example This was a threat to the company in their own country. There is also a negative expression on the company contributed by poor working condition cases at Foxconn. The opportunity for Apple Company is the expected high profit of $321 per iPhones that is an evidence of a global company’s profit. 3. The assertion sounded a bit harsh because as a citizen, the executive would have considered the company’s obligation towards America vital. However, considering the aim of every company of making the profit, the executive was right because the most important thing is growth, quality, and maximum profit. 4. Some of the key stakeholders are Apple Inc., Foxconn, the society and the government who have obligations. The company has an obligation of offering best quality products to their consumers. Foxconn has an obligation of adhering to high-quality work ethics that do not interfere with the Apple’s quality brand. The government has to ensure that Apple adheres to the trade and labor laws put in place. 6. If assembled in China with better labor conditions or pay, I will pay an averagely higher price compared with the current price because there will be an increase in labor cost. However, the lower cost of raw materials in China may make the cost of production not go that high. 7. The negative media coverage has hugely affected Apple’s recent decision to ask the FLA to do an independent assessment and the subsequent decision by Foxconn to raise some salaries because the company is committed to maintaining a brand name and wants to be associated with quality but not failure in the ethical issues.